pine(1)                                                   pine(1)

NAME
       pine - a Program for Internet News and Email

SYNTAX
       pine [ options ] [ address , address ]

       pinef [ options ] [ address , address ]

DESCRIPTION
       Pine  is  a screen-oriented message-handling tool.  In its
       default configuration, Pine offers an  intentionally  lim-
       ited  set  of functions geared toward the novice user, but
       it also has a growing list of  optional  "power-user"  and
       personal-preference  features.  pinef is a variant of Pine
       that uses function keys rather than mnemonic single-letter
       commands.  Pine's basic feature set includes:

              View,  Save,  Export, Delete, Print, Reply and For-
              ward messages.

              Compose messages in a  simple  editor  (Pico)  with
              word-wrap  and a spelling checker.  Messages may be
              postponed for later completion.

              Full-screen selection  and  management  of  message
              folders.

              Address  book to keep a list of long or frequently-
              used addresses.  Personal distribution lists may be
              defined.   Addresses  may be taken into the address
              book from incoming mail without retyping them.

              New mail checking and notification occurs automati-
              cally every 2.5 minutes and after certain commands,
              e.g. refresh-screen (Ctrl-L).

              On-line, context-sensitive help screens.

       Pine supports  MIME  (Multipurpose  Internet  Mail  Exten-
       sions),  an  Internet  Standard for representing multipart
       and multimedia data in email.  Pine  allows  you  to  save
       MIME  objects to files, and in some cases, can also initi-
       ate the correct program for viewing the object.   It  uses
       the  system's mailcap configuration file to determine what
       program can process a particular MIME object type.  Pine's
       message  composer  does not have integral multimedia capa-
       bility, but any type of data file --including multimedia--
       can  be  attached  to a text message and sent using MIME's
       encoding rules.  This allows any group of individuals with
       MIME-capable  mail  software  (e.g. Pine, PC-Pine, or many
       other programs) to exchange formatted  documents,  spread-
       sheets, image files, etc, via Internet email.

       Pine  uses  the c-client messaging API to access local and
       remote mail folders. This library provides  a  variety  of
       low-level  message-handling  functions,  including drivers
       for a variety of different mail file formats, as  well  as
       routines  to  access  remote  mail and news servers, using
       IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol) and NNTP  (Network
       News   Transport  Protocol).   Outgoing  mail  is  usually
       handed-off to  the  Unix  sendmail,  program  but  it  can
       optionally be posted directly via SMTP (Simple Mail Trans-
       fer Protocol).

OPTIONS
       The command line options/arguments are:

       address             Send mail to address.  This will cause
                           Pine  to  go directly into the message
                           composer.

       -a                  Special anonymous mode for UWIN*

       -attach file        Send mail with the listed file  as  an
                           attachment.

       -attach_and_delete file
                           Send  mail  with the listed file as an
                           attachment, and remove the file  after
                           the message is sent.

       -attachlist file-list
                           Send mail with the listed file-list as
                           an attachments.

       -c context-number   context-number is  the  number  corre-
                           sponding  to  the folder-collection to
                           which the  -f  command  line  argument
                           should  be applied.  By default the -f
                           argument  is  applied  to  the   first
                           defined folder-collection.

       -d debug-level      Output  diagnostic info at debug-level
                           (0-9) to the current  .pine-debug[1-4]
                           file.   A  value  of 0 turns debugging
                           off  and  suppresses  the  .pine-debug
                           file.

       -d key[=val]        Fine  tuned  output of diagnostic mes-
                           sages where "flush" causes debug  file
                           writing without buffering, "timestamp"
                           appends each message with a timestamp,
                           "imap=n"  where  n  is between 0 and 4
                           representing  none  to  verbose   IMAP
                           telemetry    reporting,   "numfiles=n"
                           where n is between  0  and  31  corre-
                           sponding  to the number of debug files
                           to maintain, and "verbose=n"  where  n
                           is  between  0  and  9  indicating  an
                           inverse threshold for message  output.

       -f folder           Open  folder  (in first defined folder
                           collection,  use  -c  n   to   specify
                           another  collection) instead of INBOX.

       -F file             Open named text  file  and  view  with
                           Pine's browser.

       -h                  Help: list valid command-line options.

       -i                  Start up in the FOLDER INDEX screen.

       -I keystrokes       Initial  (comma  separated  list   of)
                           keystrokes  which  Pine should execute
                           on startup.

       -k                  Use function keys for  commands.  This
                           is  the  same  as  running the command
                           pinef.

       -n number           Start up with  current  message-number
                           set to number.

       -nr                 Special mode for UWIN*

       -o                  Open first folder read-only.

       -p config-file      Use  config-file  as the personal con-
                           figuration file instead of the default
                           .pinerc.

       -P config-file      Use  config-file  as the configuration
                           file instead  of  default  system-wide
                           configuration file pine.conf.

       -r                  Use  restricted/demo  mode.  Pine will
                           only send mail to itself and functions
                           like save and export are restricted.

       -url url            Open  the  given  url.  Cannot be used
                           with -f, -F, or -attach options.

       -z                  Enable ^Z and SIGTSTP so pine  may  be
                           suspended.

       -conf               Produce  a  sample/fresh  copy  of the
                           system-wide    configuration     file,
                           pine.conf,  on  the  standard  output.
                           This is  distinct  from  the  per-user
                           .pinerc file.

       -create_lu addrbook sort-order
                           Creates   auxiliarly  index  (look-up)
                           file for addrbook and  sorts  addrbook
                           in sort-order, which may be dont-sort,
                           nickname,   fullname,   nickname-with-
                           lists-last,   or  fullname-with-lists-
                           last.  Useful when creating global  or
                           shared  address books.  After creating
                           the index file in this way,  the  file
                           should  be  moved  or  copied in a way
                           which  preserves  the  mtime  of   the
                           address  book  file.  The mtime of the
                           address book  file  at  the  time  the
                           index  file was built is stored inside
                           the  index  file  and   a   comparison
                           between that stored value and the cur-
                           rent mtime of the address book file is
                           done  when somebody runs pine.  If the
                           mtime has changed since the index file
                           was  made,  then  pine  will  want  to
                           rebuild  the  index  file.   In  other
                           words, don't build the index file with
                           this option and then copy the  address
                           book to its final destination in a way
                           which changes the file's mtime.

       -pinerc file        Output fresh pinerc  configuration  to
                           file.

       -sort order         Sort  the  FOLDER INDEX display in one
                           of the following orders: arrival, sub-
                           ject, from, date, size, orderedsubj or
                           reverse. Arrival order is the default.
                           The  OrderedSubj  choice  simulates  a
                           threaded  sort.   Any  sort   may   be
                           reversed  by  adding  /reverse  to it.
                           Reverse  by  itself  is  the  same  as
                           arrival/reverse.

       -option=value       Assign  value  to  the  config  option
                           option  e.g.  -signature-file=sig1  or
                           -feature-list=signature-at-bottom
                           (Note: feature-list values  are  addi-
                           tive)

       * UWIN = University of Washington Information Navigator

CONFIGURATION
       There  are several levels of Pine configuration.  Configu-
       ration values at a  given  level  over-ride  corresponding
       values  at  lower  levels.   In order of increasing prece-
       dence:

        o built-in defaults.
        o system-wide pine.conf file.
        o  personal  .pinerc  file  (may  be  set  via   built-in
       Setup/Config menu.)
        o command-line options.
        o system-wide pine.conf.fixed file.

       There is one exception to the rule that configuration val-
       ues are replaced by the value of  the  same  option  in  a
       higher-precedence file: the feature-list variable has val-
       ues that are additive, but can be  negated  by  prepending
       "no-"  in  front  of an individual feature name. Unix Pine
       also uses the following environment variables:

         TERM
         DISPLAY      (determines  if  Pine  can  display   IMAGE
       attachments.)
         SHELL       (if not set, default is /bin/sh )
         MAILCAPS     (semicolon  delimited list of path names to
       mailcap files)

FILES
       /var/spool/mail/xxxx        Default  folder  for  incoming
       mail.
       ~/mail                      Default   directory  for  mail
       folders.
       ~/.addressbook              Default address book file.
       ~/.addressbook.lu           Default  address  book   index
       file.
       ~/.pine-debug[1-4]          Diagnostic  log for debugging.
       ~/.pinerc                   Personal pine config file.
       ~/.newsrc                   News subscription/state  file.
       ~/.signature                Default signature file.
       ~/.mailcap                  Personal   mail   capabilities
       file.
       ~/.mime.types               Personal  file  extension   to
       MIME type mapping
       /etc/mailcap                System-wide  mail capabilities
       file.
       /etc/mime.types             System-wide file ext. to  MIME
       type mapping
       /usr/lib/pine.info          Local pointer to system admin-
       istrator.
       /etc/pine.conf              System-wide      configuration
       file.
       /etc/pine.conf.fixed         Non-overridable configuration
       file.
       /tmp/.\var\spool\mail\xxxx  Per-folder mailbox lock files.
       ~/.pine-interrupted-mail    Message which was interrupted.
       ~/mail/postponed-msgs       For postponed messages.
       ~/mail/sent-mail            Outgoing    message    archive
       (FCC).
       ~/mail/saved-messages       Default destination for Saving
       messages.

SEE ALSO
       pico(1), binmail(1), aliases(5), mailaddr(7), sendmail(8),
       spell(1), imapd(8)

       Newsgroup:  comp.mail.pine
       Pine Information Center:  http://www.washington.edu/pine
       Source        distribution:         ftp://ftp.cac.washing-
       ton.edu/pine/pine.tar.Z
       Pine Technical Notes, included in the source distribution.
       C-Client  messaging  API  library,  included in the source
       distribution.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
       The University of Washington Pine development team (part of the UW Office
       of Computing & Communications) includes:

        Project Leader:           Mike Seibel
        Principal authors:        Mike Seibel, Steve Hubert, Laurence Lundblade*
        C-Client library & IMAPd: Mark Crispin
        Pico, the PIne COmposer:  Mike Seibel
        Documentation:            Many people!
        PC-Pine for Windows:      Tom Unger, Mike Seibel
        Project oversight:        Terry Gray, Lori Stevens
        Principal Patrons:        Ron Johnson, Mike Bryant
        Additional support:       NorthWestNet
        Initial Pine code base:   Elm, by Dave Taylor & USENET Community Trust
        Initial Pico code base:   MicroEmacs 3.6, by Dave G. Conroy
        User Interface design:    Inspired by UCLA's "Ben" mailer for MVS
        Suggestions/fixes/ports:  Folks from all over!

          *Emeritus

       Copyright 1989-1999 by the University of Washington.
       Pine and Pico are trademarks of the University of Washington.

       $Date: 1999/02/04 18:41:58 $

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