Execute a script in a Apache BSF supported language.
Note: This task depends on external libraries not included in the Ant distribution. See Library Dependencies for more information.
All items (tasks, targets, etc) of the running project are
accessible from the script, using either their name
or
id
attributes (as long as their names are considered
valid Java identifiers, that is).
The name "project" is a pre-defined reference to the Project, which can be
used instead of the project name. The name "self" is a pre-defined reference to the actual
<script>-Task instance.
From these objects you have access to the Ant Java API, see the
JavaDoc (especially for
Project and
Script) for more information.
If you are using JavaScript a good resource is http://www.mozilla.org/rhino/doc.html as we are using their JavaScript interpreter.
Scripts can do almost anything a task written in Java could do.
Rhino provides a special construct - the JavaAdapter. Whith that you can create an object which implements several interfaces, extends classes and for which you can overwrite methods. Because this is an undocumented feature (yet), here is the link to an explanation: Groups@Google: "Rhino, enum.js, JavaAdapter?" by Norris Boyd in the newsgroup netscape.public.mozilla.jseng.
Attribute | Description | Required |
language | The programming language the script is written in. Must be a supported Apache BSF language | Yes |
src | The location of the script as a file, if not inline | No |
<project name="squares" default="main" basedir="."> <target name="setup"> <script language="javascript"> <![CDATA[ for (i=1; i<=10; i++) { echo = squares.createTask("echo"); main.addTask(echo); echo.setMessage(i*i); } ]]> </script> </target> <target name="main" depends="setup"/> </project>
generates
setup: main: 1 4 9 16 25 36 49 64 81 100 BUILD SUCCESSFUL
Another example, using references by id and two different scripting languages:
<project name="testscript" default="main"> <target name="sub"> <echo id="theEcho"/> </target> <target name="sub1"> <script language="netrexx"><![CDATA[ theEcho.setMessage("In sub1") sub.execute ]]></script> </target> <target name="sub2"> <script language="javascript"><![CDATA[ theEcho.setMessage("In sub2"); sub.execute(); ]]></script> </target> <target name="main" depends="sub1,sub2"/> </project>
generates
sub1: In sub1 sub2: In sub2 main: BUILD SUCCESSFUL
Now a more complex example using the Java API and the Ant API. The goal is to list the filesizes of all files a <fileset/> caught.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> <project name="MyProject" basedir="." default="main"> <property name="fs.dir" value="src"/> <property name="fs.includes" value="**/*.txt"/> <property name="fs.excludes" value="**/*.tmp"/> <target name="main"> <script language="javascript"> <![CDATA[ // import statements // importPackage(java.io); importClass(java.io.File); // Access to Ant-Properties by their names dir = project.getProperty("fs.dir"); includes = MyProject.getProperty("fs.includes"); excludes = self.getProject() .getProperty("fs.excludes"); // Create a <fileset dir="" includes="" /> fs = project.createDataType("fileset"); fs.setDir( new File(dir) ); fs.setIncludes(includes); fs.setExcludes(excludes); // Get the files (array) of that fileset ds = fs.getDirectoryScanner(project); srcFiles = ds.getIncludedFiles(); // iterate over that array for (i=0; i<srcFiles.length; i++) { // get the values via Java API var basedir = fs.getDir(project); var filename = srcFiles[i]; var file = new File(basedir, filename); var size = file.length(); // create and use a Task via Ant API echo = MyProject.createTask("echo"); echo.setMessage(filename + ": " + size + " byte"); echo.perform(); } ]]></script> </target> </project>
We want to use the Java API. Because we donīt want always typing the package signature
we do an import. Rhino knows two different methods for import statements: one for packages
and one for a single class. By default only the java packages are available, so
java.lang.System can be directly imported with importClass/importPackage
.
For other packages you have to prefix the full classified name with Package.
For example antīs FileUtil class can be imported with
importClass(Package.org.apache.tools.ant.util.FileUtils)
The <script> task populates the Project instance under
the name project, so we can use that reference. Another way is to use its given name
or getting its reference from the task itself.
The Project provides methods for accessing and setting properties, creating DataTypes and
Tasks and much more.
After creating a FileSet object we initialize that by calling its set-methods. Then we can
use that object like a normal Ant task (<copy> for example).
For getting the size of a file we instantiate a java.io.File
. So we are using
normal Java API here.
Finally we use the <echo> task for producing the output. The task is not executed by
its execute() method, because the perform() method (implemented in Task itself) does the
apropriate logging before and after invoking execute().
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